RBI releases Draft Guidelines for White Label Automated Teller Machines (WLAs) in India.

Q) What are White Label ATM's?

Ans) Do not worry, their will be labels on the ATM's stating the owner. The only difference is that the Owner will not be a Bank but non-bank entities.

Traditionally, Banks are owners of ATM's, but ATM's owned by non-bank entities are referred to as the White Label ATM's.

A a white label ATM is owned, run and maintained by a third-party service provider. There has a demand in India for introduction of White Label ATM's, as it was felt that this would speed up the ATM penetration in India, and reduce the load on the Banks.

The number of ATM's in Urban India is increasing day by day, but the same cannot be said in rural interiors.

Hence, to encourage non-bank entities to enter the ATM arena, Reserve Bank of India, has issued Draft Guidelines for White Label Automated Teller Machines (WLAs).

The top 20 highlights of this draft guidelines are:

1. Views/Comments by the public can be sent to Reserve Bank of India before 06/03/2012.
   
   
2. The views/comments can be sent by snail mail to the Chief General Manager, Reserve Bank of India, Department of Payment & Settlement Systems, Central Office, 14h floor, Central Office Building, Shahid Bhagat Singh Marg, Mumbai -400001 or can be emailed.
   
   
3. The interested Non-bank entities proposing to set up WLAs have to make an application to RBI for seeking authorization under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act 2007.
   
   
4. Such entities should have a minimum net worth of Rs. 100 crore at the time of making the application and on a continuing basis after issue of the requisite authorization.
   
   
5. To ensure that the ATM's are not concentrated only in Tier I & II centers, there will be annual targets in terms of the ratio of WLA between Tier I &II and Tier III-VI centers. These targets will be stipulated by Reserve Bank of India.
   
   
6. Initially, only the Cards issued by banks would be permitted to be used at the WLAs.
   
   
7. Cash Deposits, as of now, will not be permitted.
   
   
8. The WLA Operator will be the "acquirer" for all transactions at the WLA and earn his fee accordingly.
   
   
9. To decrease his operating costs, the WLA Operator would be permitted to earn extra revenue through advertisement and by offering value added services. Naturazlly, such advertisements would be subject to Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) codes and other regulations. The other regulations might be that there should no advertisement between the keying of the Password and disbursement of the cash.
   
   
10. Regulatory guidelines relating to compensation for failed ATM transactions would apply to transactions at WLAs.
    
    
11. Prior Authorization of RBI under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, is required by the WLA Operator, to commence its operations.
    
    
12. Each WLA Operator shall have one “Sponsor Bank” , who will serve as the Settlement Bank for the settlement of all the service transactions at the WLAs. The Sponsor Bank should be a member of one of the ATM networks authorized by the RBI and also be a member of the RTGS.
    
    
13. Cash Management of the WLAs shall be entrusted to the Sponsor Bank, who may have necessary arrangements in this regard with other banks for servicing cash requirements at various places. At no point of time, the WLA Operator or his agents shall have access to the cash at the WLAs.
    
    
14. Settlement of all the transactions at the ATMs shall be done only in the books of the Sponsor Bank through the ATM Network with whom the WLA Operator has established connectivity.
    
    
15. Maintenance and servicing of the WLAs shall be the sole responsibility of the WLA Operator.
    
    
16. Customer Grievance Redressal : The primary responsibility to redress grievance of customers relating to failed ATM transactions will vest with the Issuing Bank,. However, the Sponsor Bank will provide necessary support in this regard, including making available relevant records and information, to the Issuing Bank. For this purpose, the Sponsor Bank should have necessary arrangement with the WLA Operator.
    
    
17. The extant directives of the RBI on the time-lines for resolution of complaints of failed ATM transactions would also apply to transactions at the WLAs. For delay in resolution of such complaints attributable to the Sponsor Bank or the WLA Operator resulting in payment of penalty to the customer by the Issuing Bank in terms of the directives of RBI, the Issuing Bank shall be compensated by the Sponsor Bank. The Sponsor Bank may have appropriate agreements with the WLA Operator for recovery of such amounts.
    
    
18. ATM Network Operators will offer direct connectivity to the WLA Operator to facilitate transactions at the WLA and the settlement thereof after seeking requisite approvals from the RBI.
    
    
19. The above step bring the WLA Operator under the ambit of the Network’s Operating Guidelines and the Dispute Resolution Mechanism put in place in accordance with the extant directives of the Reserve Bank of India.
    
    
20. A Tripartite Service Level Agreement between 01) The ATM Network Operator, 02) the WLA Operator and 03) the Sponsor Bank will be requied to address issues relating to inter-bank settlement of the transactions at the WLAs and settlement of customer complaints relating to failed ATM transactions. The SLAs should clearly spell out the role of each party.

To reduce the instances of counterfeit currency entering the system, the cash handling responsibility is of the Sponsor Bank. RBI is clear that at no point of time, the WLA operator or his agents, shall have access to the cash at the WLAs.

Internationally, retailers that own white label ATMs, and not banks, load cash into the machines.

Evolving Customer friendly Payment Systems in India – a continuing agenda

Today's Post is on the Inaugural address by Shri G.Padmanabhan, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India on the occasion of the launch of Mobile Banking services by Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Ltd on 9 January, 2012 at Chennai.

The complete Speech can be accessed at http://rbi.org.in/scripts/BS_SpeechesView.aspx?Id=652

Many new ideas in the Indian Payments Arena have been outlined in the speech.

On a quick reading, the ZERO LIABILITY/Limited Liability feature adopted by major credit card issuers in USA seems to be the highlight of the speech.

What is Zero Liability/Limited Liability feature in Credit Cards ?

In simple terms, Zero Liability can said to be a valuable benefit for consumers, virtually guaranteeing protection against card fraud.

Of course like all good things in life, Zero Liability has its own terms and conditions. The terms and conditions can said to be

1. of the Card Issuing Company I.e Visa or Master or American Express or Diners
2. of the Card Issuing Bank

There is a view that Indian credit cards holders should be offered the benefits of 'Zero Liability' feature. This has started and HDFC Bank Platinum Plus Credit Card holders and HSBC Gold Credit Card holders can enjoy this feature. It is to be noted that the 'zero liability', starts only the card holder informs his/her Bank the loss of the credit card has been reported to the Bank in writing or to the VISA / MasterCard Global Emergency Assistance Helplines.

A similar facility is offered by all Credit Cards Issuing Banks to their high-end credit cards.

To increase the confidence of the credit cards holders in credit card transactions, the speech suggests that the 'zero liability', feature be extended to all credit card holders as long as the customer has adhered to all the risk measures prescribed by the bank, but yet unauthorized transactions have taken place in his/her credit card account.

Hm, which bank will be the first one, to offer this facility.

Savings bank a/c number portability in India on anvil: Indian FinMin. This should be real by 2018

A simple definition of 'Portability' is a thing which can be carried or moved with ease. Portability in another sense is 'Capable of being transferred from one employer to another. Used of an employee benefit'.

In India, in recent times the word 'Portability', is familiar with Mobile subscribers and Health Insurance Policy Holders

Now, the word 'Portability', will be extended to the Banking Customers too. The Indian Finance Ministry is working on savings banks account number portability. Savings Banks accounts portability, will allow a customer to retain his account number while changing his bank.

Financial Services Secretary D K Mittal said, “We want to do it (savings a/c number portability). Right now there are some technical problems...we have identified them. We will overcome them soon," .

He was speaking after a meeting in the Ministry, which among others was attended by Economic Affairs Secretary R Gopalan, Finance Secretary R S Gujral and Chief Economic Adviser Kaushik Basu. He said banks would have to work on identification code, know your customers (KYC) norms and core banking solution (CBS) for implementing the savings bank account number portability.

An idealistic Savings Account Portability Scheme should have following features : -

1. There should no change in the account number.
2. The account should be transferred withing 10 working days.
3. There should be no suspension in the account operations.
4. The existing Debit Card and Cheque Book can be continued to be used.
5. There should be no disruption in related electronic payment transactions i.e., RTGS/NEFT Credits, ECS Debits, etc.
6. There should be no disruption in the credit history of the account holder.

What is required for the Savings Account Number Portability to take off in India?

a) The Banks should be 100% on CBS(Core Banking Solution).

b) There should be uniform number of digits in the account numbers across all the participating banks.

100. A third-party KYC(Know Your Customer) organization responsible for certifying the adherence to KYC norms. A beginning has been made in SEBI regulated markets towards this end.
101. A robust Identification Code to recognize the savings accounts of Participating Banks. A start can be made by incorporating the MICR Code or the Pin Code in the new account numbers. 
     
     
     d) Robust Risk Management including Fraud prevention techniques.